close

波旁天竺葵(Geranium BourbonPelargonium x asperum)

 

牻牛兒苗科(Geraniaceae)天竺葵屬(Pelargonium)

學名:Pelargonium x asperum

波旁天竺葵.jpg

圖:波旁天竺葵(Pelargonium x asperum)

 

【生理活性】

 

摩洛哥Rabat波旁天竺葵葉水蒸氣蒸餾精油組成[1]有香茅醇(citronellol25.07%)、甲酸香茅酯(citronellyl formate10.53%)、香葉醇( geraniol10.46%)β-橄欖烯(β-maaliene5.94%)2-異丙基-5-甲基環己酮/異薄荷酮(2-isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexanone5.88%)

 

另篇摩洛哥Taounate波旁天竺葵地上整株水蒸餾精油[2]含香茅醇(25.07%)、香茅酯(citronellyl ester10.52%)、香葉醇(10.46%)和鄰胺苯甲酸丁酯(butyl anthranilate5.93%)[3]或是香茅醇(26.98%)、香葉醇(14.12%)、異薄荷酮 (isomenthone8.80%)、芳樟醇(4.97%)、甲酸香茅酯(geranylformate4.07%)6,9-愈創木二(guai-6,9-diene4.24%)和甲酸香茅酯(3.1%)

 

抗氧化

 

摩洛哥波旁天竺葵精油的DPPH˙自由基消除力IC500.59 mg/mL,比抗氧化劑BHT0.033 mg/mL[2]

 

抗菌

 

摩洛哥波旁天竺葵葉水蒸氣蒸餾精油[1]對皆有多重抗藥性的鮑氏不動桿菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)、大腸桿菌、綠膿桿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和克雷伯氏肺炎菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)抑制力都很差,稍有抑制效果的只有多重抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌,但精油經分離成10個區間後,約半數區間能顯著提升抑菌力。抑菌分子一般認為來自香茅醇和香葉醇。

 

摩洛哥波旁天竺葵地上全株水蒸餾精油[2]對一般的金黃色葡萄桿菌和枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)能有較顯著的抑制,最小抑菌濃度分別為1%0.031% (v/v),且和摩洛哥洋甘菊(Ormenis mixta)精油混合時,可發揮抑制金黃色葡萄球菌的協同功效,增加抗菌力。另一研究顯示[3]波旁天竺葵精油可抑制多種細菌和真菌,包含仙人掌桿菌(Bacillus cereus)、藤黃微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)、大腸桿菌、傷寒沙門氏菌(Salmonella typhi)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)、熱帶念珠菌(Candida tropicalis)、黑麴菌(Aspergillus niger)和擴展青黴菌(Penicillium expansum),最小抑菌濃度從0.003%0.25% (v/v)之間。據稱對全身性的念珠菌(Systemic Candida)感染能有效治療[4]

 

殺蟲

 

根結線蟲(Meloidogyne incognita)是植物病原蟲,波旁天竺葵精油殺根結線蟲的LD5013.0 μg/mL;蟲卵暴露於精油1,000 μg/mL 濃度下48小時可抑制40%的孵化[5]。以50-200 (μg/kg土壤)的精油劑量薰蒸或水懸浮液混合能有效抑制番茄根部的根結線蟲卵密度。使用的精油含香茅醇(35%)、香葉醇(22%)和芳樟醇(13%)

 

弓形蟲症(Toxoplasmosis)發生於大部分溫血生物,包含貓、狗和人類,主要藉由弓形蟲(Toxoplasma gondii)寄生感染。受感染的細胞分別和藍膠尤加利(Eucalyptus globulus)、絲柏(Cupressus sempervirens)、萊姆(Citrus aurantifolia)、澳洲茶樹(Melaleuca alternifolia)和波旁天竺葵葉精油共同培養[6],結果僅有波旁天竺葵精油能有效破壞蟲體、減少弓形蟲侵入和抑制生長,顯微鏡可見蟲體顯著緊縮變小,抑制半數濃度IC501.426 mg/mL

 

抗糖尿病

 

摩洛哥波旁天竺葵地上全株精油在體外研究顯現出少許降低蛋白質糖化的功效,若將精油層析細分則可提高抑制能力,以酯、醛、酮和醇類成分為主體的部分,多數表現都優於完整精油[7]

 

【芳療功效】

 

透過吸嗅或精油按摩舒緩疼痛,常用的精油有真正薰衣草、波旁/玫瑰天竺葵、茴香、快樂鼠尾草、羅馬洋甘菊、橙花和薑[8]。根據一些業者經驗,波旁天竺葵能給人活力或平靜,因人而異;對荷爾蒙失調或婦科、心靈上的平衡也有幫助[9]

 

 

參考文獻:

(1)El Malki, F., Eddaraji, K., Alloudane, R., Greche, H., Essalmani, H., & Barrijal, S. (2018). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from leaves of native Moroccan plants against clinical bacterial isolates. The International Arabic Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 8(1).

(2)Ouedrhiri, W., Balouiri, M., Bouhdid, S., Harki, E. H., Moja, S., & Greche, H. (2018). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Pelargonium asperum and Ormenis mixta essential oils and their synergistic antibacterial effect. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(30), 29860-29867.

(3)Chraibi, M., Farah, A., Balouiri, M., Barkai, H., Sadiki, M., & BENBRAHIM, K. F. (2016). Chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of Moroccan Pelargonium asperum essential oil. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6(12), 042-046.

(4)Schnaubelt, K. (1995). Essential Oils: Viable Wholistic Pharmaceuticals for the Future. In Proceedings of the 13th International Congress ofFla.

(5)D’Addabbo, T., & Avato, P. (2021). Chemical Composition and Nematicidal Properties of Sixteen Essential Oils—A Review. Plants, 10(7), 1368.

(6)Huang, S. Y., Yao, N., He, J. K., Pan, M., Hou, Z. F., Fan, Y. M., ... & Tao, J. P. (2021). In vitro Anti-parasitic Activity of Pelargonium x. asperum Essential Oil Against Toxoplasma gondii. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 9, 254.

(7)Btissam, R., Rajae, R., Amina, A., Brigitte, V., & Mohamed, N. H. I. R. I. (2015). In vitro study of anti-glycation and radical scavenging activities of the essential oils of three plants from Morocco: Origanum compactum, Rosmarinus officinalis and Pelargonium asperum. Pharmacognosy Journal, 7(2).

(8)Hutapea, L. M. (2016, January). Massage and inhalation aromatherapy as alternative medicine in pain management of primary Dysmenorrhea. In Journal of International Scholars Conference-ALLIED HEALTH (Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 100-110).

(9)Armstrong, F., & Heidingsfeld, V. (2001). Aromatherapy for deaf and deafblind people living in residential accomodation. International Journal of Aromatherapy, 11(1), 26-34.

 

圖:https://www.scentcillo.com/blog/rose-geranium-pelargonium-x-asperum-essential-oil-celebrating-feminine

 

 

arrow
arrow
    文章標籤
    天竺葵 波旁天竺葵
    全站熱搜

    cofactor412 發表在 痞客邦 留言(0) 人氣()